Blood

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Contents

Blood 3

Contents 6

Functions 8

Constituents 9

Cells 11

Plasma 13

pH values 13

Blood in non-mammalian vertebrates 14

Physiology 16

Cardiovascular system 16

Production and degradation of blood cells 17

Oxygen transport 17

Carbon dioxide transport 19

Transport of hydrogen ions 20

Lymphatic system 20

Thermoregulation 20

Hydraulic functions 21

Invertebrates 21

Color 22

Hemoglobin 22

Hemocyanin 23

Chlorocruorin 24

Hemerythrin 24

Hemovanadin 24

Pathology 25

General medical disorders 25

Hematological disorders 26

Carbon monoxide poisoning 27

Medical treatments 27

Blood products 28

Intravenous administration 28

Bloodletting 28

History 29

Classical Greek medicine 29

Human blood 30

Cultural and religious beliefs 30

Indigenous Australians 31

European paganism 31

Christianity 32

Judaism 33

Islam 34

Jehovah's Witnesses 35

East Asian culture 35

Vampire legends 35

Applications 36

In the applied sciences 36

In art 36

In genealogy and family history 36

See also 37

Blood type 42

Contents 43

Blood group systems 44

ABO blood group system 45

Rh blood group system 46

ABO and Rh distribution by country 46

Other blood group systems 47

Clinical significance 47

Blood transfusion 47

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) 49

Blood products 50

Red blood cell compatibility 50

Plasma compatibility 54

Universal donors and universal recipients 56

Blood group genotyping 57

History 57

Society and culture 58

See also 59

Most Common Type of Blood 59

Other People Are Reading 59

What Is Blood Type 60

Significance 60

Common and Uncommon Types 60

Interesting Fact 60

All Types Needed 61

References 61