Mountaineering

Ini butiran manual teknik seseorang itu perlu tahu untuk mengatasi kawasan pergunungan.

Mountaineering or mountain climbing is the sport, hobby or profession of hiking, skiing, and climbing mountains. While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed mountains, it has branched into specialisations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three areas: rock-craft, snow-craft and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice. All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.

This field manual details techniques soldiers and leaders must know to cope with mountainous terrain. These techniques are the foundation upon which the mountaineer must build. They must be applied to the various situations encountered to include river crossings, glaciers, snow-covered mountains, ice climbing, rock climbing, and urban vertical environments.

*** This application is completely based on the United States MILITARY MOUNTAINEERING Field Manual FM 3-97.61. ***

Features

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- Both Portrait and Landscape modes are supported. Landscape mode is preferred for better reading experience.

- Zooming is supported in order to see the text/images better.

List of Contents

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CHAPTER 1. MOUNTAIN TERRAIN, WEATHER, AND HAZARDS

CHAPTER 2. MOUNTAIN LIVING

CHAPTER 3. MOUNTAINEERING EQUIPMENT

CHAPTER 4. ROPE MANAGEMENT AND KNOTS

CHAPTER 5. ANCHORS

CHAPTER 6. CLIMBING

CHAPTER 7. ROPE INSTALLATIONS

CHAPTER 8. MOUNTAIN WALKING TECHNIQUES

CHAPTER 9 MOUNTAIN STREAM CROSSING

CHAPTER 10. MOVEMENT OVER SNOW AND ICE

CHAPTER 11. MOUNTAIN RESCUE AND EVACUATION

APPENDIX A. LEVELS OF MILITARY MOUNTAINEERING

APPENDIX B. MEASUREMENT CONVERSION FACTORS

APPENDIX C. AVALANCHE SEARCH AND RESCUE TECHNIQUES

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